Heavy Metal Ions Removal From Wastewater Using Cryogels: A Review

Water contamination by heavy metal pollution is induced rapid industrialization and urbanization. Removal of ions from wastewater prime importance for a clean environment human health. The problem seriously threatened to In addition, these metals are toxic carcinogenic. They cause serious problems aquatic ecosystems especially humans. Different methods have been utilized remove the wastewater, such as membrane filtration, adsorption, ion exchange. Adsorption one most efficient processes contaminated water. adsorption process presents advantages availability, low cost, eco-friendly nature. commercial adsorbents polymeric showed high removal capacity capturing removing wastewater. Several researchers widely used cryogels unique bio-adsorbent wastewaters. Cryogels ions. This manuscript comprehensively critically reviews current research in that prepared various technology highlights main materials. synthetic polymers experiments recent years. Because their macropores, they provide an excellent advantage adsorbent continuous batch processes. applied cryogel formation called cryogelation. These macroporous gel matrices can be produced with different shapes gels interest bioseparation area since meet needs conventional chromatographic media less suitable fulfill. structure, synthesis, composition presented. generally synthesized bulk polymerization under semifrozen conditions at ?12 18°C 12 24 h. rate over 90%. based studies, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal, surface area, elemental, computerized microtomography (?CT) analyses characterization structure.